C. The incest taboo does not eliminate incest. 29.Among the Ju/'hoansi, consciousness is a sign that: D.the soul and body are reunited. Identify the FALSE statement about totemism. What term is synonymous with bridewealth? Which of the following is not one of the adaptive strategies included in Cohens typology? is a Medieval Christian concept, a culture specific term that is dependent on current scientific understanding of "natural". The worldwide increase in female-headed households stems from all of the following except A. decreasing divorce rates. Using Apple's 10-K, answer the following questions (Hint: It may be easier to use the Word or PDF file and use the search . A. Chiefdom B. Wallace, Revitalization Movements, Victor W. Turner, Betwixt and Between: The Liminal Period in Rites de Passage,, Casey Golomski, Rites of Passage: 1900s to Present: Africa, in, For more information see Marc Tabani, The Carnival of Custom: Land Dives, Millenarian Parades and Other Spectacular Ritualizations in Vanuatu. D. They have no means of forcing people to follow their decisions. A. Neolocality B. Patrilocality. B. swiddening. The word cult also has connotations with fringe or dangerous beliefs and this association also distorts understanding of the practice. There are many societies in which women control all the strategic resources and engage in the most prestigious activities. Rituals, also called rites, are performative acts by which we carry out our religious beliefs, public and private. In the film El sebou: An Egyptian Birth Ritual, the twin babies are in which stage of this rite of passage (following van Gennep and Turner) before being "winnowed"? One effect of the economic and social policies of colonial regimes was. D. Foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes regarding gender roles. A. Melanesia. Gennep noted that there are three stages in a rite of passageseparation, transition, and incorporationand that during the transition stage, the individual must traverse a threshold (limen in Latin) from their old social position or status to a new one. Behavior that violates the commandments brings both social disapproval from other members of the religious community and potential punishment from God. E. own the land that they cultivate. The Foundation of Evolution, Tools and Brains: Homo habilis, Homo ergaster, and Homo erectus, Tracking Genomes: Our Human Story Unfolds, The Emergence and Development of Language, Work, Life, and Value: Economic Anthropology, Plant Cultivation: Horticulture and Agriculture, Authority, Decisions, and Power: Political Anthropology, Colonialism and the Categorization of Political Systems, Centralized Societies: Chiefdomsand States, Resistance, Revolution, and Social Movements, Studying In: Addressing Inequities within Anthropology, Early Global Movements and Cultural Hybridity, Sex, Gender, and Sexuality in Anthropology, The Power of Gender: Patriarchy and Matriarchy, Visual Anthropology and Ethnographic Film, News Media, the Public Sphere, andNationalism, Community, Development, and Broadcast Media, Broadcasting Modernity and National Identity, An Anthropological View of Sport throughout Time, Anthropology, Representation, and Performance, Applied and Public Anthropology and Indigenous Peoples, Walking a labyrinth, such as this one in Grace Cathedral in San Francisco, California, is experienced by many people as a meditative or prayerful ritual. C. 100,000 years ago. [39] Revitalization rituals, which also often follow periods of crisis in a community, are ambitious attempts to resolve serious problems, such as war, famine, or poverty through a spiritual or supernatural intervention. During the final stage of the Kinaald, in the morning of the fourth day, the mother washes her daughters hair and dries it with cornmeal (corn is a Navajo deity). Individual actions have effects on ones karma. The former involves the use of domesticated animals, while the latter does not. A. It increases the number of individuals that one can rely on in times of need. B. inheritance of land and prestige through female lines. There are also secular rites of passage, such as graduation or quinceaera, a celebratory birthday for 15-year-old girls in many Latin American communities. A. Incest is tabooed only in societies that practice patrilocal residence. B. the way that pantribal sodalities are formed. C. It requires irrigation. How did these elements interact in the Islanders' daily fishing routines? C. Descent groups are permanent, while nuclear families are not. A technological ritual is one that is involved w/: . C. a discrepancy between external and internal genitals.. C. Gender stratification is generally reduced when the domestic and public spheres are not sharply separated. It tends to be more pronounced among agriculturalists than among foragers. Buddhism, the worlds fourth largest religion, demonstrates the strong connection between spiritual beliefs and rules for everyday behavior. B. D. are headed by women. Each year on February fifteenth, many of the islands residents construct copies of U.S. airplanes, runways, or towers and march in military formation with replicas of military rifles and American blue jeans. A. E. Nuclear families are found only in industrial societies, while descent groups are found only in foraging societies. A pantribal sodality that represents a certain level of social achievement C. All men and women related by patrilineal descent from a human apical ancestor D. All men and women related by matrilineal descent from a nonhuman apical ancestor, E. A group including all men or women born during a certain span of time, Which of the following is the most important factor in determining an individuals power and prestige in a state? E. Their diet is more varied than that of horticulturalists. D. the result of bifurcate merging, a practice brought to the United States by Scotch-Irish immigrants during the early part of the 20th century. Following the circumcision, they live in isolation while their wounds heal, a liminal phase during which they do not talk to anyone other than boys who are also undergoing the rite of passage. a sacred impersonal force existing in the universe, residing in people, plants, animals, and objects. D. The former is labor-intensive, while the latter is land-intensive. C. It impedes peaceful relations among social groups and therefore promotes population expansion. Which type of a situation is most likely to result in a matrilineal-matrilocal society? What term refers to a gift made by the husband and his kin to the bride and her kin? E. transhumance. Nuclear families are always exogamous, while descent groups are always endogamous. E. Big men do not keep the wealth they accumulate but rather redistribute it to create and maintain alliances with political supporters. C. religious control. B. Associated most commonly with birth, puberty, marriage, and death, these rituals can be prolonged ceremonies during which the individual receives instruction and preparation for this change in their lives. D. men and women are completely equal; there is no gender inequality. Colonized cultures underwent radical alteration. B. women govern the public distribution of prestige items. The ritual is intended to attract John Frum, and the material wealth he controls, back to the island. A. E. Village head is a permanent political office, while big man is a temporary position. C. It is a cultural adaptation to mobility associated with male travel for trade, commerce, and warfare. E. The Yanomami are isolated from missionaries and the Venezuelan government, and are self-sufficient. The internalization of a dominant ideology is A. a method of chiefly redistribution. C. the status of women declines when they provide most of the food. Which of the following is not associated with the market principle? (credit: Grace Cathedral Labyrinth by Jay Galvin/flickr, CC BY 2.0), An Islamic congregation practices a rite of intensification called, The hajj is a Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, pictured here, which is the birthplace of the prophet Mohammed. Quiz 3 Flashcards | Quizlet D. It was permitted to take place only in a couples residence. The theory that people will use scientific technology as far as it will extend and then will resort to magic or religion to alleviate their fears is known as? Tribe B. Chiefdom C. Segmentary lineage. When comparing local forms of world religions--the idea that a local religion can be created by combining and incorporating other religions together, or layering one on top of another is known as? One well-known example are the ideas expressed in the Ten Commandments, which are incorporated in the teachings of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism and prohibit behaviors such as theft, murder, adultery, dishonesty, and jealousy while also emphasizing the need for honor and respect between people. One example of a rite of passage among the Navajo of the southwestern United States is the Kinaald. A. Incest B. Exogamy, The gift that a wifes group gives to her husbands family is known as. The incest taboo is a feature of a capitalist economy. Population pressure is high. 2. E. Polyandry fails to meet Leachs criteria for marriage. Which of the following is the most common religious specialist? D. Polyandry almost always takes the form of a sororate. Which of the following statements about agriculturalists is true? Unlike idiosyncratic behaviors that an individual may practice on their own, rituals are learned and shared. Second wives are not protected by the law as their marriages are not legal. A. Which of the following does not describe the situation of the Yanomami? And sometimes the religious and the secular are intermingled, as in a marriage ceremony that is both civil and religious. B. pastoralism. D. Chiefdoms have permanent political regulation. The term big man refers to the liminal state that a Kapauku youth enters before marriage, during which he accumulates wealth in order to fund the wedding and pay the brideprice. 27:15-23; Acts 8:1419) and as an act of healing by Christ (Luke 4:40). A. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like A change in the biological structure or cultural practices of an individual or population by which it becomes better fitted to survive and reproduce in its environment is called:, All of the following statements about the lengthy period of human immaturity are correct EXCEPT:, Among the Inuit, childhood play is useful in . D. There is no sex-based division of labor. Why does a big man accumulate wealth? To accomplish this, men from the community construct wooden towers sixty to eighty feet high, tie ropes made from tree vines around their ankles, and jump head-first toward the ground (Figure 5). You have a choice between a 30 30 -year fixed rate loan at 4.5 \% 4.5% and an adjustable rate mortgage ( \mathrm {ARM} ARM) with a first-year rate of 3 \% 3%. It was believed to sap a mans vitality. E. Incest was not documented in classic ethnographies and has only recently been the focus of research in anthropology. The custom whereby a wife marries the brother of her dead husband C. The type of marriage that follows divorce D. The custom whereby a widower marries the sister of his dead wife E. A situation in which a man has more than one wife at the same time. none of the answers provided are a rite of intensification In the stages within a rite of passage (according to Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner), which of the following is included? According to the textbook, which of the following are NOT human mediators of sacred powers? E. men never contribute to child care. What term refers to the practice of marrying a person outside of the group to which one belongs? Rite of Passage Flashcards | Quizlet B. Womens work usually contributes more to the diet than does mens work; consequently, there is less gender stratification. Anthropology 210 Final Flashcards | Quizlet C. Divorce is harder in a patrilineal society. B. warfare makes men dominant over women. The zadruga is a type of extended-family household found in what part of the world? This stressful time helps to build bonds between the boys that will follow them through their lives as adult men. E. Four forms of sexual orientationheterosexuality, homosexuality, bisexuality, and asexuality are found throughout the world. a separation from the old identity; typically there is a symbolic behavior signifying the detachment of the individual from the old identity. E. The less women contribute to the public sphere, the more publicly recognized power they achieve. It tends to be more pronounced among agriculturalists than among foragers. There is no God or gods in some forms of Buddhism. B. C. Big men typically are war leaders and as such they must maintain a supply of grievance gifts to compensate the families of warriors who die under their command. B. social stratification. It exists only in the northwestern coast of North America. Big men are chiefs who are trying to make their achieved status more permanent by engaging in conspicuous symbolic displays of wealth. At the beginning of the ceremony, as separation begins, the girl lies down and her family straightens her limbs and helps dress her and prepare her for the transition. Social stratification B. Sedentism C. Egalitarianism, Agricultural intensification is not associated with. What is the name of the custom in which a widow marries the brother of her deceased husband? are licensed under a, The Study of Humanity, or "Anthropology Is Vast", The Four-Field Approach: Four Approaches within the Guiding Narrative, Western Bias in Our Assumptions about Humanity, Holism, Anthropologys Distinctive Approach, Cross-Cultural Comparison and Cultural Relativism, Reaching for an Insiders Point of View, Culture Concept Theory: Theories of Cultural Change, Biological Evolution and Early Human Evidence, Whats in a Name? A. Nomadism B. Migration. (ideological ritual) Society is a series of positions, each one known as status, as a member of society changes status, they change their social relationship with society. He was traveling with his wife, and no one would talk to a woman. quizzes final cultural anthro Flashcards | Quizlet There are literally hundreds of different methods of divination. What term is used to refer to a nonhuman apical ancestor of a clan? C. women fear contacts, including sexual intercourse, with men. Solved Select the best answer for each. and fill in | Chegg.com Hoffman Corporation issued $60 million of 5%, 20-year bonds at 102. Eliot Dismore Chapple and Carleton Stevens Coon, Anthony F.C. B. patriarchy. They can follow the Noble Eightfold Path, rules based on the teachings of Buddha that emphasize the need for discipline, restraint, humility, and kindness in every aspect of life. A. greater ecological diversity. Warfare is conducted by professional armies. Students also viewed. C. They maintain control by conquering foreign territories. B. an adaptation to poverty. Foraging economies are usually associated with which type of sociopolitical organization? First identified by anthropologist Arnold van Gennep in 1909, rites of passage mark social transformations in peoples lives and establish a change in social status within their communities. These rituals are used to bind members of the community together, to create a sense of communitas or unity that encourages people to see themselves as members of a community. One common rite of affliction in the Christian tradition is the laying on of hands. A. E. some cultures nevertheless encourage incest. In general, what happens as the value of bridewealth increases? Anthropology of Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft Midterm Review - Quizlet A. An obligatory interaction between groups or organisms that is beneficial to each is known as A. cultivation. B. it is immoral for humans to engage in such activities.